منابع مشابه
Progress of Electric Railways in Japan
In 2001, railways in Japan carried 21.79 billion passengers (25.1% of all passenger transport) or 384.5 billion passenger-km (27% of all passenger transport). Rail freight totalled 59 million tonnes (1.0% of all freight transport) or 22.2 billion tonnekm (3.8% of total), clearly indicating that Japanese railway operators are almost exclusively passenger companies. Following the 1987 privatizati...
متن کاملHVDC Feeder Solution for Electric Railways
For AC railway power supply systems with a different frequency than the public grid, high-voltage AC (HVAC) transmission lines are common, connected to the catenary by transformers. This paper suggests an alternative design based on an HVDC (High Voltage DC) feeder, which is connected to the catenary by converters. Such an HVDC line would also be appropriate for DC-fed railways and AC-fed railw...
متن کاملHarmonic Elimination of 25 kV AC Electric Railways Utilizing a New Hybrid Filter Structure
Thyristor rectifiers are widely used in electric railways in order to control the speed. As a consequence of their usage in addition to substantial input lead current, an enormous amount of harmonics is injected into the grid. To avoid such harmonics as well as reactive power compensation, reactive power hybrid filters consisting of active and passive filters are utilized. Regarding different p...
متن کاملReturn of the Electric Binding Site
The BK-type Ca 2+-activated K + channel has been the subject of increasingly detailed mechanistic study since the fi rst recordings of this channel were obtained more than 25 years ago (Pallotta et al., 1981 ; Latorre et al., 1982 ; Magleby, 2003 ; and references therein). But if you thought that our understanding of the gating of the BK channel and its allosteric regulation by Ca 2+ and trans-...
متن کاملVariational integrators for electric circuits
Variational integrators are symplectic-momentum preserving integrators that are based on a discrete variational formulation of the underlying system. So far, variational integrators have been mainly developed and used for a wide variety of mechanical systems. In this work, we develop a variational integrator for the simulation of electric circuits. An appropriate variational formulation is pres...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of the Franklin Institute
سال: 1896
ISSN: 0016-0032
DOI: 10.1016/s0016-0032(96)90162-3